There are five categories of farm tools and equipment namely:

• Garden tools and equipment e.g. pangas, jembe, pick axe, spade e.t.c.
• Workshop tools and equipment e.g. saws, hammers, planes, chisels e.t.c
• Livestock production tools and equipment e.g. milking stool, strip cup, milk churn etc.
• Masonry tools and equipment e.g. wood float, spirit level, plumb bob e.t.c
• Plumbing tools e.g. pipe wrench spanner, stock and die e.t.c

            It is very important to identify the farm tools and equipment, give the correct users and     maintenance practices.

            The following relevant questions and their answers in this topic will greatly help and motivate the             user to comprehend and understand the require concepts and practices:

1. List four maintenance practice carried out on a cross-cut saw
2. Identify the following tools and state their functions

            Identify A, B, C, D

3. Study the illustration below and answer the questions that follow.

1. i) Identify the equipment represented by the illustration                                                      
2. ii) What is the use of the equipment?                                                                                    

            iii) Name the parts labeled A and B                                                                                      

1. iv) What is the function of the part labeled A and B                                                             
2. What is the use of a garden fork?
3. Name the tool that a builder would use to check the vertical straightness of a wall during

            construction                                                                                                                           

6. Name the farm tool that can be used when removing nails from timber
7. Give two examples of equipment that a livestock farmer can use in administering oral

            anti helminthes                                                                                                                       

8. Below are farm tools, study them and answer

 the questions that follow:-

            (a) Identify the tools L, M, N, O

            (b) Give one functional advantage of tool M over tool N    

9. Name a tool used to perform the following functions on the farm;

            (i) Drilling of small holes on metal                                                                                       

            (ii) Bore holes on wood                                                                                             

10. State the common faults in the operation of Knapsack spray                                               
11. (a) Name the three tools in castration of livestock
12. Name the most appropriate set of animal handling tools that a farmer uses for the following operations:-

            (i) Restraining a large bull when taking it around the show ring                                                      

            (ii) Cutting tail in sheep                                                                                                                     

13. What is flushing in sheep production?
14. a)The illustration below shows a method  of  identifying pigs, study  the diagram  and answer the questions  that follow:-                                                                                                          

1. i) On the diagram A provided below, draw the mark to indicate a pig number 147,

using the procedure of ear-notching in diagram

1. ii) What is the recommended stage of growth in pigs at which the ear-notching should be

    carried out?      

iii) State any three reasons why weight is an important routine management practice in pig

     production   

1. b) Below are illustrations showing the various parts of the Kenya top bar hive. Use the illustration

    to answer the question that follow

1. i) label the parts B ,C and D                                                                                                                          
2. ii) How can a farmer attract bees to colonize a new hive?

            iii) Outline the procedure of opening the hive to harvest honey                                                                  

15. a) Below are illustrations of  farm tools                                                                               

1. i) State the use of the tools
2. ii) Name the type of hammer that may be used for driving tool K during work

1. b) Given below is an illustration of one of the routine management practices in livestock

      Production.

            Study the diagram and answer the following questions

1. i) Name the practice indicated in the diagram above
2. ii) Describe the procedure you would follow when carrying out the practice named

               in (i) above in piglets  

16. Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow;

1. i) Identify the tools
2. ii) Give the use of each of the tools named above

            iii) State two maintenance practices that should be carried out on tool D                            

17. List two equipments used in handling cattle during an Agricultural exhibition
18. Mention the use of the following tools.
19. i) Dibber         
20. ii) Spokeshaves

            iii) Tinsnips

1. iv) Burdizzo

19. List four precautions that should be taken when using workshop tools and equipment.

20. i) Below is an illustration of a farm equipment. Study it and answer questions that follow

1. a) Identify the farm equipment illustrated above                                                                                           b) What is the use of the equipment                                                                                                               c) Name the parts labelled W, X and
2. d) What is the functions of Y on the equipment
3. Use the diagram below to answer questions which follow

1. i) Identify the above diagram
2. ii) Name the parts labelled A and B                                                                                      

FARM TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

• Store the saw properly after use
• Oil the blade for long storage to avoid rust
• Sharpen the teeth properly

Tighten the handle screw if loose

2. A-Tin snip – cutting thin metal sheets

B-Spokes have – smoothing curved and circular surfaces

C- Ceardeners trowel – uprooting seedlings during transplanting

D-Brace drill – boring/ drilling holes in wood          

3. i) Stir up pump/ bucket pump
4. ii) Spraying livestock with acaricide

            iii) A – Nozzle                  B – lance handle                                                                                      

1. iv) A – Atomises the acaricide into spray      B – Direct the nozzle to the parts to be sprayed

4. Garden fork is a tool used in weeding in the nursery beds/and in carrot fields

5. The tool for checking the vertical straightness of a wall is Plumb bob and plumbline

6. A tool for removing nails from timber is a claw harmer (1mk)                                      

7. Two examples of equipment that a livestock farmer can use in administering oral

            anti-helminthes                                                                                                                        (1mk)

• Narrow necked bottle
• Drenching gun

–    Dosing gun

8.

         (a)        L…- Pickaxe                            M- Adjustable spanner

            N..- Ring spanner                    O..- Pipe wrench                                

(b) Give one functional advantage of tool M over tool N      ( ½

9. Tools used to perform functions on the farm

                        – Hand drill

                        – Bit brace

10. – Blockage of nozzles and filters leading to uneven or no release of spray.

            – Control pump may slacken or loosen, making it difficult to regulate the rate of spraying.

            – Inadequate operating pressure due to leakages in the compressor pump, hoses or control valves.

11. (a) – Elastrator and rubber ring.

                – The burdizzo.

                – Sharp knife / scalpel.

            (iii) Extracting blood samples for laboratory analysis                                                                       

12. most appropriate set of animal hand tools that a farmer uses for the following operations:-

(i) Restraining large full when taking it around the show ring-bull  ring and  lead  stick     (1mk)

(ii) Cutting tail in sheep-rubber  ring  and  elastrator (1mk)

(iii) Extracting blood samples for laboratory analysis-hypodermic needle and syringe

13. Provision of extra and quality feeds to sheep, two or three weeks before mating

14. ai) On the diagram a provided below, draw the mark to indicate a pig number 147,

using the procedure of ear-notching in diagram above                                                                                   

1. ii) the recommended stage of growth in pigs at which the ear-notching should be carried out?

• before  wearing/3-7 weeks of age/21-56 days/1 month-22months)

iii) three reasons why weight is an important routine management practice in pig production    

• to determine  growth rate  i.e. weight gain
• facilitate  administration of drugs  e.g. drenching
• for feeding i.e.  to  know  the  amount  of feed to give
• to determine the service/breeding time  (1×3=3mks)

1. b) i)B-entrance

C-top bar/bar

D-top  cover/lid(1×3=3mks)

1. ii) by applying bees wax/honey/molasses on the sides or top  of the  hive/jaggery/sheep 

   sorrel/saliva /sugar syrup (Accept concentrated sugar solution-reject-sugar solution)  (1×1=1mk)

iii) Outline the procedure of opening the hive to harvest honey                                                                   

smoke  the  hive  through  the entrance using  a  smoker then light the hid  to  remove  the  top  bar(the  order must be  considered)  (1×2=2mks)

15. a) i) E-key hole saw/compass saw

            F-wood chisel

            G-cold/metal chisel

            H-plumb bob  (1/2×4=2mks)

1. ii) E-to cut  or make key holes               F-cutting timber

            G-cutting  metal                      H-checking  whether a  tall wall is vertical 

iii)  wooden hammer/mallet(1mk)

b)i) open castration/surgical castration  (1mk)

1. ii) procedure you would follow when carrying out the practice named in( i) above in piglets                      

• restrain  the  piglets
• sterilize the  blade
• disinfect the secretal sac
• slit  the secretal sac  to  expose  the testicle
• locate  and  hold  the  sperm duct
• cut  the  sperm  dust  by scrapping  with the slide
• sew up  the wound
• sterilize/disinfect  the wound
• release the animal(piglet

16. i) A – Sickle                                                                                                                  

                        B- Pruning saw

                        C- Hoof cutter

                        D- Metal float

1. ii) A sickle is used in harvesting grass, rice, wheat by cutting

                 B    Pruning saw is used for pruning tree crops, cutting hard stems in coffee

                 C      Hoof cutter – Trimming hoofs in animals e.g. cattle, goats, sheep

                 D     Float (wood or metal) smoothing concrete during plastering

            iii) Maintenance on B

• Sharpen and reset the teeth
• Replace broken handle
• Oil the blade for long storage

• Halter
• Rope
• Nose ring and leading stick

18. Mention the use of the following tools.

• -making holes for  transplanting
• Spoke shaves.-planning curved surface
• Tin snip.-cutting metal/iron  sheets
• Burdizzo-castration (4x ½ =2mks)

19. four precautions that should be taken when using workshop tools and equipment.

• Use tools for correct purpose.
• Maintain them in good working conditions.
• Keep them safely after use.
• Handle tools correctly during use.

Use of safety devices / protective clothes

20. a) Bucket pump /stir – up pump (1×1 = 1mk)
21. b) Spraying acaricide on livestock (1×1 =1mk)
22.  c) W – Nozzle

•             X – Trigger
•             Y –  Pail /bucket

d)For holding acaricide solution during spraying. (1×1 = 1)

21.  i) Identify the above diagram   (1mk)                                                                                   

• Artificial vagina.

1.  ii) Name the parts labelled A and B (2mks)

• A – warm water
• B – collecting cap